|
The Policing and Crime Act 2009 (c 26) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Act makes provision about police reform, prostitutes, sex offenders, sex establishments and certain other premises. It amends the law on aviation security, alcohol misuse, proceeds of crime, extradition and gang related violence. The legislation came about due to a number of recommendations in government reports seeking an increase in public accountability. This led to a green paper about policing in which ways in which policing could be improved were discussed, which in turn led to the creation of the Policing Pledge. This then became a Government Bill and was introduced to the House of Commons on 18 December 2008, passing to the House of Lords on 20 May 2009, gaining Royal Assent and becoming law on 12 November 2009. The Act has received a mixed reception, with improved police accountability being praised and the changes to sexual entertainment licenses and prostitution being criticised by senior members of the Police Service as well as other interested parties. There were initially proposals that the Act would allow the public to elect crime and policing representatives to run their local police service, but these plans were removed from the bill before it was laid before the house. Nevertheless, the Act still requires police authorities to have regard for the views of people in the police area.〔The Policing and Crime Act 2009, (section 1 ) (duty of police authorities in relation to public accountability)〕 The election of crime and policing representatives was subsequently introduced in the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011, which established Police and Crime Commissioners. ==Background== The Act emanated from a number of recommendations in government reports on police reform and jurisdiction, and on engaging local communities in fighting crime and holding their local police service to account. When it was proposed in the Queen's Speech in 2008, the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) President Ken Jones said "We welcome the Government’s continued commitment to assist the police service in tackling crime and anti-social behaviour and to strengthen our ability to protect our ports and borders." The Government initially planned to allow the local community to elect crime and policing representatives to run their police service. The Local Government Association (LGA),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=LGA comment on the Policing and Crime Bill )〕 ACPO and the Association of Police Authorities (APA)〔 〕 criticised this plan, warning it would lead to heavier bureaucratic burdens on councils,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Direct elections risk new bureaucratic barrier between public and police ) 〕 increased political control on policing〔 and would create a barrier to women and people from minority ethnic backgrounds getting involved.〔 〕 The APA also stated there was a "very real danger of extremists and single issue pressure groups targeting these elections for their own ends".〔 〕 This plan was later dropped amid fears that the police could become politicised.〔 It was also announced there would be a ban on cheap alcohol promotions. Jacqui Smith told BBC News that she did not want to stop "the vast majority of people who enjoy alcohol and drink responsibly from doing so" but that "()e all face a cost from alcohol-related disorder and I have a duty to crack down on irresponsible promotions that can fuel excessive drinking and lead people into crime and disorder." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Policing and Crime Act 2009」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|